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Vaishnavism (''Vaisnava dharma'') is one of the major branches of Hinduism along with Shaivism, Smartism and Shaktism. It is focused on the veneration of Vishnu. Vaishnavites, or the followers of the Vishnu, lead a way of life promoting the central importance of Vishnu and his ten avatars. Followers worship Vishnu, the Supreme Lord and preserver of the Hindu ''Trimurti'' ('three images', the Trinity), and his ten avatars, including Rama and Krishna. The adherents of this sect are generally non-ascetic, monastic and devoted to meditative practice and ecstatic chanting.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://hinduism.iskcon.org/tradition/1200.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hinduism.co.za/hindu3.htm )〕 They are deeply devotional. Vaishnavism is rich in saints, temples and scriptures.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.himalayanacademy.com/readlearn/basics/four-sects )〕 Its beliefs and practices, especially the concepts of Bhakti and Bhakti Yoga, are based largely on the ''Upanishads'', and associated with the ''Vedas'' and Puranic texts such as the ''Bhagavad Gita'', and the ''Padma Purana'', ''Vishnu Purana'' and ''Bhagavata Purana''.〔(Heart of Hinduism - Vaishnavism )〕〔(Explanation of different scriptural texts within Hinduism )〕 ==Principal historic branches== Bhagavatism, early Ramaism and Krishnaism merged in historical Vishnuism, a tradition of historical Vedic religion, distinguished from other traditions by its primary worship of Vishnu. Vaishnavism is historically the first structured Vaishnava religion as "Vishnuism, in a word, is the only cultivated native sectarian religion of India."〔Hopkins,''The Religions of India'', p.690〕 Although it is usual to speak of Vishnu as the source of the Avatar, this is only one of the names by which the god of Vaishnavism is known. The other names include Narayana, Vasudeva, Rama and Krishna; each the name of a divine figure with attributed supremacy, which each associated tradition of Vaishnavism believes to be distinct.〔 p. 4〕 For example, in the Krishnaism branch of Vaishnavism,〔(Review: by Kenneth Scott Latourette ) India and Christendom: The Historical Connections between Their Religions. by Richard Garbe; Lydia Gillingham Robinson Pacific Affairs, Vol. 34, No. 3 (Autumn, 1961), pp. 317-318.〕 such as the Gaudiya Vaishnava, Nimbarka and Vallabhacharya traditions, devotees worship Krishna as the One Supreme form of God, and source of all avatars, Svayam Bhagavan, in contrast to the belief of the devotees of the Sri Sampradaya.〔(Page 1–Ramanuja and Sri Vaisnavism ) "In general, the Vaishnava Agamas describe Lord Vishnu is the Supreme Being and the foundation of all existence."〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vaishnavism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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